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    Islamic Inheritance Calculator (Mirath)

    Calculate Islamic inheritance shares (Faraid) according to the Quran and Sunnah. Supports Hanafi and Shafi'i schools with full Awl and Radd calculations.

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    Faraid (Islamic inheritance law) from Surah An-Nisa 4:11-12 prescribes fixed shares: spouses, parents, children, and siblings each receive set fractions. Male children typically receive twice the share of female children; distributions vary by school (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali).

    Enter surviving relatives below to see your detailed distribution.

    Estate Details

    Maximum one-third: £33,333

    Grandfather blocks siblings entirely

    Surviving Heirs, Select All That Apply

    Spouse

    Parents & Grandparents

    Children

    Siblings

    Inheritance Distribution

    Select at least one surviving heir above to see the distribution.

    This is an educational estimate. Consult a qualified Islamic scholar and solicitor for legally binding estate planning.

    Why Islamic Inheritance Matters, Even If You Think You Know the Basics

    Think of Islamic inheritance as a pre-set distribution algorithm written directly into the Quran. Unlike most legal systems where you can leave everything to whoever you like, Islamic law prescribes exact fractions for specific relatives. A husband gets a quarter or a half. A daughter gets a half or two-thirds. These aren't suggestions. They're obligations.

    And here's what catches most people out: in the UK, US, Canada, and Australia, these rules don't apply automatically. If you die without a will, your country's intestacy law kicks in, and none of them follow Faraid. A British Muslim who dies intestate has their estate divided under English law, not Quranic law. The spouse could receive everything. Siblings could inherit nothing. That's not what the Quran prescribes.

    The solution is straightforward. Write a will. But writing a will that correctly implements Faraid while also being legally valid in your jurisdiction, that's the tricky part. This calculator shows you how the shares work so you can walk into a solicitor's office (or attorney's office) already understanding what the Quran requires.

    How Faraid Calculations Actually Work

    Before a single penny gets divided among heirs, four things must be settled from the estate, in this order:

    1

    Funeral & Burial Costs

    Reasonable burial expenses including kafan (shroud), washing, and grave. Not extravagant.

    2

    Outstanding Debts

    All debts must be cleared, including unpaid Zakat, which is a debt to Allah. Mortgage, loans, credit cards.

    3

    Wasiyyah (Bequests)

    Up to one-third of the remainder can be bequeathed to non-heirs or charity. You cannot use this to give extra to an existing heir.

    4

    Faraid Distribution

    The remaining estate is divided according to the Quranic shares. This is what the calculator computes.

    The Quran prescribes six fixed fractions: 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 2/3, 1/3, and 1/6. Each heir gets a specific fraction depending on who else is alive. A daughter gets 1/2 if she's the only child, but if there's a son, both children share the residue in a 2:1 ratio. Context changes everything.

    Complete Heir Share Reference

    Every possible heir and their Quranic share, with the conditions that trigger each fraction. Search by heir name or filter by category.

    HeirArabicPrimary ShareConditionAlternateVerse
    Husbandالزوج1/2No children or grandchildren1/4 (With children)4:12
    Wifeالزوجة1/4No children or grandchildren1/8 (With children)4:12
    Fatherالأب1/6 + residueWith sonsResidue only (No children)4:11
    Motherالأم1/6With children or 2+ siblings1/3 (No children, <2 siblings)4:11
    1 Daughterالبنت1/2No sonsResidue (2:1) (With sons)4:11
    2+ Daughtersالبنات2/3No sonsResidue (2:1) (With sons)4:11
    SonالابنResidueAlways residuary (asaba)— (—)4:11
    1 Full Sisterالأخت الشقيقة1/2No children, no fatherResidue (2:1) (With full brother)4:176
    2+ Full Sistersالأخوات2/3No children, no fatherResidue (2:1) (With full brother)4:176
    Maternal Siblingالأخ لأم1/6Kalalah (one sibling)1/3 shared (Kalalah (2+ siblings))4:12
    Grandmotherالجدة1/6Mother not alive— (Blocked by mother)Hadith
    Grandfatherالجد1/6 + residueFather not alive (with children)Complex rules (Father not alive (with siblings))Hadith/Ijtihad

    What this means for you: The share each heir receives depends entirely on who else is alive. A mother's share changes from 1/3 to 1/6 simply because two siblings exist. Before arguing over amounts, understand that the Quran's system is conditional, every share is relative to the complete picture of surviving heirs.

    Source: Surah An-Nisa 4:11-12, 4:176. Grandmother's share from Hadith narrated by al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (Tirmidhi).

    Real-World Worked Examples

    Example 1: Ahmed in Birmingham, £200,000 estate

    Ahmed passes away leaving a wife, one son, and one daughter. His estate is £200,000 after debts and funeral costs. He left a £20,000 wasiyyah to his local mosque.

    Distributable estate: £200,000 - £20,000 wasiyyah = £180,000

    Wife: 1/8 (has children) = £22,500

    Residue: £157,500 shared between son and daughter in 2:1 ratio

    Son: 2/3 of residue = £105,000

    Daughter: 1/3 of residue = £52,500

    Under UK intestacy law (without a will), the wife would receive the first £322,000 and personal possessions, taking the entire estate. The children would receive nothing. This is why a will is essential.

    Example 2: Fatimah in Houston, $350,000 estate

    Fatimah passes away leaving a husband, mother, and two daughters. No sons. Estate is $350,000 after debts. No wasiyyah.

    Husband: 1/4 (has children) = $87,500

    Mother: 1/6 (has children) = $58,333

    Two daughters: 2/3 = $233,333

    Total shares: 1/4 + 1/6 + 2/3 = 3/12 + 2/12 + 8/12 = 13/12, exceeds 1!

    Awl applies: Denominator increases from 12 to 13. Each share reduces proportionally.

    Adjusted: Husband 3/13 = $80,769 | Mother 2/13 = $53,846 | Daughters 8/13 = $215,385

    Texas is a community property state, only Fatimah's half of marital assets enters her estate. Her husband's half is already his. An attorney must determine the estate value first.

    Example 3: Khadijah, simple kalalah case (no children, no parents)

    Khadijah dies leaving a husband, one full sister, and one maternal half-brother. Estate is £80,000 equivalent. No children, no parents, no grandparents alive.

    Husband: 1/2 (no children) = £40,000

    Full sister: 1/2 (kalalah, one sister) = £40,000

    Maternal half-brother: 1/6 (kalalah, one maternal sibling) = £13,333

    Total: 1/2 + 1/2 + 1/6 = 7/6, Awl applies

    Adjusted: Husband 3/7 = £34,286 | Sister 3/7 = £34,286 | Half-brother 1/7 = £11,429

    Example 4: Where Madhab Changes Everything, Grandfather + Siblings

    Yusuf dies leaving a wife, paternal grandfather, and two full brothers. Estate is £120,000. No children, no father.

    Hanafi Ruling:

    Wife: 1/4 = £30,000

    Grandfather: Residue = £90,000

    Full brothers: NOTHING (blocked by grandfather)

    Shafi'i Ruling:

    Wife: 1/4 = £30,000

    Grandfather: 1/3 of residue = £30,000

    Full brothers: 2/3 of residue = £60,000

    Same family, same estate, but the brothers receive either £0 or £60,000 depending on which school you follow. This is why the madhab selector matters.

    Example 5: Estate with Islamic Mortgage (Diminishing Musharakah)

    Ibrahim in London has a home worth £450,000 purchased via an Islamic mortgage (diminishing musharakah) with £200,000 remaining. His total estate includes the home, £50,000 savings, and £30,000 in shares.

    Home equity: £450,000 - £200,000 = £250,000 (Ibrahim's share of the partnership)

    Total estate: £250,000 + £50,000 + £30,000 = £330,000

    Unlike a conventional mortgage (which is a debt), a diminishing musharakah means the bank co-owns the property. Only Ibrahim's ownership percentage enters his estate. The bank's share was never his.

    For conventional mortgages, the full property value enters the estate and the outstanding mortgage is deducted as a debt. The net effect is similar, but the Islamic finance structure is conceptually different.

    Example 6: Maryam's Wasiyyah, The One-Third Rule

    Maryam in Toronto leaves C$240,000. She wants C$100,000 to go to her orphanage charity. But the one-third limit means only C$80,000 can go to non-heirs.

    Maximum wasiyyah: C$240,000 ÷ 3 = C$80,000

    Reduced wasiyyah: C$80,000 (not the requested C$100,000)

    For Faraid: C$240,000 - C$80,000 = C$160,000

    The other heirs can choose to honour the full C$100,000, but they're not obligated to. If all heirs consent, it's permissible. Otherwise, the one-third cap applies.

    Where the Four Schools Disagree

    The Quran's inheritance verses are remarkably detailed, but scholars still disagree on edge cases. These aren't minor theological debates. In Example 4 above, the choice of madhab meant the difference between £0 and £60,000 for two brothers.

    IssueHanafiShafi'iMalikiHanbaliImpact
    Grandfather vs siblingsGrandfather blocks all siblings entirelySiblings share with grandfather (complex rules)Siblings share with grandfatherSiblings share with grandfatherMajor, can change entire distribution
    Umariyyatan (spouse + both parents, no children)Mother gets 1/3 of remainderMother gets 1/3 of remainderMother gets 1/3 of whole estateMother gets 1/3 of remainderModerate, affects mother's share
    Radd (surplus) to spouseSpouse excluded from raddSpouse excluded from raddSpouse excluded from raddSome scholars include spouseMinor, rare cases
    Full sister with daughter (asaba ma'a ghayrihi)Full sister becomes residuary with daughterFull sister becomes residuary with daughterFull sister becomes residuary with daughterFull sister becomes residuary with daughterAll schools agree
    Musharraka case (husband + mother/grandmother + uterine siblings + full siblings)Full siblings get nothing (uterine take 1/3)Full siblings share the 1/3 with uterine siblingsFull siblings share the 1/3 with uterine siblingsFull siblings get nothing (follows Hanafi view)Major, famous case of scholarly disagreement

    What this means for you: If you follow a specific madhab, use that school's rulings consistently, don't mix and match to get a preferred outcome. If you're unsure which school applies to you, consult your local imam or a scholar from your community's tradition.

    Making It Legal, What Your Country Requires

    Knowing the Faraid shares is only half the job. You need a legally valid will or estate plan that your country's courts will actually enforce. Here's what that looks like in each jurisdiction.

    United Kingdom

    Ministry of Justice / Law Society

    Requirement: Must write a will, UK intestacy law does not follow Faraid

    How to comply: Draft a Sharia-compliant will with a solicitor specialising in Islamic wills. The Law Society has a panel. Costs £300-800.

    Scotland has different rules to England/Wales, forced heirship provisions may conflict

    United States

    State probate courts

    Requirement: Must create an estate plan, state probate law applies by default

    How to comply: Work with an attorney familiar with Islamic estate planning. Trusts can be more flexible than wills. Costs $500-2,000.

    Community property states (CA, TX, etc.) treat marital assets differently, affects what enters the estate

    Canada

    Provincial courts

    Requirement: Provincial law governs estates, no automatic Islamic distribution

    How to comply: Create a will with a lawyer. Some provinces have forced heirship provisions that may limit Faraid compliance.

    Quebec's Civil Code has mandatory provisions for dependants that may override some Faraid shares

    Australia

    State/territory supreme courts

    Requirement: State/territory succession law applies, will required for Faraid

    How to comply: Engage a solicitor experienced in multicultural estate planning. Family provision claims can override will terms.

    All states allow family provision claims, a dependant can challenge a will even if it follows Faraid

    Muslim-majority countries

    Sharia courts / Family courts

    Requirement: Faraid may be codified in personal status law

    How to comply: Check your country's family/personal status code. Some apply Faraid automatically; others require registration.

    Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Pakistan, each has different codification. Some apply specific madhab by default.

    Critical Warning for UK Muslims

    Under UK intestacy rules, if you die without a will your spouse receives the first £322,000 and all personal possessions. If your estate is under this amount, your children receive absolutely nothing. This directly contradicts Faraid. Writing a Sharia-compliant will is not optional, it's a religious and practical necessity.

    When the Maths Doesn't Balance: Awl and Radd

    Awl (Proportional Reduction)

    Sometimes the fixed shares add up to more than 100%. When husband gets 1/2, two sisters get 2/3, and mother gets 1/6, that's 3/6 + 4/6 + 1/6 = 8/6. There's more pie than pie.

    The solution: increase the denominator from 6 to 8. Everyone keeps their numerator but the slices get proportionally smaller. Nobody is cut out entirely, the burden is shared fairly.

    Radd (Return of Surplus)

    The opposite problem. Fixed shares total less than 100% and there are no residuary heirs to absorb the excess. Mother gets 1/3, grandmother gets 1/6, that's only 1/2. What happens to the other half?

    Most scholars redistribute proportionally among the fixed-share heirs (except the spouse). So mother's share grows and grandmother's grows in proportion to their original fractions.

    Common Mistakes People Make

    Dying without a will

    In the UK, US, Canada, and Australia, intestacy law applies, not Faraid. Without a will, your estate follows rules that likely contradict Quranic distribution.

    Using wasiyyah for an existing heir

    You can't bequeath extra to someone who already inherits under Faraid. A wasiyyah to a Faraid heir requires the consent of all other heirs, and they can refuse.

    Ignoring debts before distribution

    All debts, including unpaid Zakat, must be settled before inheritance is calculated. Distributing an indebted estate is incorrect in all schools.

    Mixing madhab rulings to suit preferences

    Some people pick the Hanafi view on one issue and the Shafi'i view on another to maximise a particular heir's share. This 'talfiq' approach is generally not accepted.

    Forgetting joint assets don't all belong to the deceased

    A jointly owned house with a spouse, only the deceased's share enters the estate. In community property states (US), this is typically 50%.

    Not updating the will after life changes

    Marriage, divorce, birth of children, death of a parent, all change the inheritance calculation. Review your will after every major life event.

    Expert Tips for Estate Planning

    Use the wasiyyah strategically

    The one-third bequest is your tool for charitable giving and supporting non-heirs (adopted children, step-children, friends). Use it wisely, it's the only part you control freely.

    Consider a trust alongside the will

    In the US and UK, a trust can protect assets from probate, reduce inheritance tax (UK) or estate tax (US), and ensure Faraid distribution happens without court intervention.

    Get professional help, both Islamic and legal

    You need two experts: a scholar who understands Faraid, and a solicitor/attorney who understands your country's estate law. Neither alone is sufficient.

    Calculate Zakat on the estate

    If the deceased had unpaid Zakat, it must be calculated and paid from the estate before distribution. This is a debt to Allah and takes priority over inheritance shares.

    Islamic Finance and Inheritance

    For those with Sharia-compliant financial products, estate calculation works slightly differently. A conventional mortgage is a debt, it reduces the estate. But an Islamic mortgage (diminishing musharakah) is a partnership, the bank owns part of the property, so only your ownership percentage enters the estate.

    Similarly, takaful (Islamic insurance) payouts may or may not enter the estate depending on the policy structure. Some takaful policies name specific beneficiaries outside Faraid, check your policy documents. For investment accounts held in Sharia-compliant funds, the market value on the date of death is what enters the estate.

    If you're unsure how your Islamic financial products interact with inheritance, both your financial provider and a qualified scholar should be consulted. The AAOIFI (Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions) publishes standards on these interactions.

    Sources and Scholarly References

    Primary Quranic Sources: Surah An-Nisa 4:11-12 (children, parents, spouses), 4:176 (kalalah/siblings)

    Hadith Sources: Sahih al-Bukhari (Book of Inheritance), Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan at-Tirmidhi

    Classical Texts: Al-Sirajiyyah (Hanafi), Rahbiyyah (Shafi'i), Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudamah (Hanbali comparative)

    UK Legal: Law Society Practice Note on Sharia Succession Rules (2022), Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975

    US Legal: Uniform Probate Code, state-specific probate statutes

    Islamic Finance: AAOIFI Sharia Standards (2024), Islamic Financial Services Board guidelines

    Related Tools

    How to use this tool

    1

    Select the deceased's gender and surviving heirs

    2

    Enter the total estate value and any wasiyyah (bequest)

    3

    Choose your school of thought, Hanafi or Shafi'i

    Common uses

    • Calculating Faraid shares before writing an Islamic will
    • Understanding each heir's Quranic entitlement
    • Comparing Hanafi vs Shafi'i inheritance rulings
    • Planning estate distribution with wasiyyah (one-third bequest)
    • Learning the Islamic inheritance system with real examples
    • Preparing for a meeting with a solicitor about a Sharia-compliant will

    Share this tool

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is Islamic inheritance (Mirath)?
    Islamic inheritance (Mirath or Faraid) is a system of wealth distribution prescribed in the Quran, primarily in Surah An-Nisa (4:11-12, 4:176). It assigns fixed shares to specific heirs, spouses, parents, children, and siblings, with detailed rules for when shares overlap or when certain heirs block others. It's one of the most precisely legislated areas of Islamic law.
    What are the main Quranic verses on inheritance?
    Three verses form the foundation: Surah An-Nisa 4:11 covers children and parents, 4:12 covers spouses and siblings, and 4:176 covers the kalalah case (when someone dies without parents or children). Together these verses prescribe six fixed fractions: 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 2/3, 1/3, and 1/6.
    What is the difference between Hanafi and other schools on inheritance?
    The biggest difference is the grandfather-sibling issue. In the Hanafi school, a grandfather completely blocks siblings from inheriting. In the Shafi'i, Maliki, and Hanbali schools, siblings share with the grandfather under complex rules. There are also differences in the Umariyyatan case (spouse + both parents) and radd (surplus redistribution).
    What is Awl in Islamic inheritance?
    Awl (proportional reduction) happens when the fixed shares add up to more than the whole estate. For example, if shares total 8/6, the denominator increases to 8 and everyone's share reduces proportionally. So a 3/6 share becomes 3/8. This ensures every heir receives something, even when the maths doesn't balance perfectly.
    What is Radd in Islamic inheritance?
    Radd (return of surplus) is the opposite of Awl, it happens when fixed shares don't use up the whole estate and there are no residuary heirs. The surplus gets redistributed proportionally among the fixed-share heirs. Most scholars exclude the spouse from radd, meaning the extra goes to blood relatives only.
    Can a Muslim write a will that overrides Faraid?
    A Muslim can bequeath up to one-third of their estate to non-heirs or charitable causes (wasiyyah). The remaining two-thirds must follow Faraid distribution. You cannot use the wasiyyah to give extra to an existing Faraid heir, that would require the consent of all other heirs. This is a fundamental principle agreed upon by all four schools.
    How does Islamic inheritance work in the UK?
    UK law doesn't automatically apply Islamic inheritance rules. You must write a will (wasiyyah) that specifies Faraid distribution. Without a will, UK intestacy rules apply, which differ significantly from Islamic law. The Law Society has guidance on Sharia-compliant wills, and specialist solicitors can draft one. This is strongly recommended for UK Muslims.
    How does Islamic inheritance work in the US?
    In the US, estate distribution follows state probate law unless a valid will specifies otherwise. American Muslims should work with an attorney familiar with both state law and Islamic inheritance to create an estate plan. Some states allow trusts as an alternative mechanism. Without a will, state intestacy laws apply, none of which follow Faraid.
    Do sons inherit more than daughters?
    When sons and daughters inherit together as residuary heirs, the Quran specifies that a male receives twice the share of a female (2:1 ratio). Scholars explain this in the context of Islamic financial obligations, men bear the duty of providing for the family (nafaqah), paying mahr, and maintaining dependants, while women's inherited wealth is entirely their own.
    What happens if someone has no children or parents?
    This is called kalalah, addressed in Surah An-Nisa 4:176. Siblings become primary heirs alongside the spouse. Full siblings take priority over half-siblings. If there are no siblings either, the shares go to more distant relatives following a detailed priority system. This is one of the most complex areas of faraid.
    Is Zakat deducted before inheritance distribution?
    Yes. Before distributing the estate, four things must be settled in order: (1) funeral and burial costs, (2) outstanding debts, (3) any bequests up to one-third of the remainder, and (4) the rest is distributed according to Faraid. Unpaid Zakat counts as a debt to Allah and should be settled from the estate before distribution.
    Can I use this calculator as a legal document?
    No. This calculator is an educational tool that demonstrates how Islamic inheritance shares are calculated. It is not a fatwa, legal advice, or a substitute for professional guidance. You should consult both a qualified Islamic scholar and a solicitor (UK), attorney (US), or lawyer (Canada/Australia) to create a legally binding and Sharia-compliant will.