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    Scientific Calculator

    Free online scientific calculator with trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions. Keyboard support, DEG/RAD modes, and expression history.

    Free to use. Runs in your browser.

    A full-featured scientific calculator that runs entirely in your browser, with trig functions, logs, powers, factorial, and keyboard shortcuts.

    Runs in your browser after the page loads.

    DEG

    0

    Keyboard: numbers, operators, Enter = calculate, Esc = clear, s/c/t/l/q = sin/cos/tan/log/√

    Degrees vs Radians

    Degrees divide a full circle into 360 parts, intuitive for everyday use. Radians measure the angle based on the radius: a full circle is 2π radians (about 6.283). Most scientific formulas use radians, while engineering and everyday geometry use degrees.

    To convert: degrees × π/180 = radians. Radians × 180/π = degrees. This calculator handles the conversion automatically, just toggle DEG/RAD mode. Getting this wrong is one of the most common mistakes in trig and physics.

    Trigonometric Values Cheat Sheet

    The exact values you'll need for homework, exams, and engineering:

    Anglesincostan
    0°010
    30°0.50.8660.577
    45°0.7070.7071
    60°0.8660.51.732
    90°10undefined
    180°0-10
    270°-10undefined
    360°010

    Memorisation trick: sin goes 0, ½, √2/2, √3/2, 1 for 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°. Cos is the same sequence in reverse. Tan is sin divided by cos at each angle.

    Common Mathematical Constants

    ConstantSymbolValueUsed For
    Piπ3.14159265...Circles, trig, waves
    Euler's numbere2.71828182...Compound interest, growth/decay
    Golden ratioφ1.61803398...Design, nature, architecture
    Square root of 2√21.41421356...Diagonal of a square, A-series paper
    Natural log of 2ln(2)0.69314718...Half-life, doubling time

    Key Functions Explained

    Trigonometry (sin, cos, tan)

    Relate angles to side ratios in right triangles. sin(30°) = 0.5 means the opposite side is half the hypotenuse. Used in physics, engineering, game development, and signal processing.

    Logarithms (log, ln)

    log is base-10 (powers of 10). ln is the natural log (base e). Logarithms turn multiplication into addition, essential for decibels, pH scales, and compound interest calculations.

    Factorial (n!)

    n × (n-1) × ... × 1. So 5! = 120. Factorials grow absurdly fast, 20! exceeds 2 quadrillion. Used in probability, permutations, and combinatorics.

    Powers and Roots

    x² squares a number. xⁿ raises to any power. √ finds the square root. Fundamental to area, Pythagorean theorem, exponential growth, and standard deviation.

    Order of Operations Refresher

    The calculator follows standard mathematical order (BIDMAS/PEMDAS):

    1Brackets / Parentheses, always evaluated first
    2Indices / Exponents, powers and roots
    3Division and Multiplication, left to right
    4Addition and Subtraction, left to right

    So 2 + 3 × 4 = 14 (not 20). If you want addition first, use brackets: (2 + 3) × 4 = 20. When in doubt, add brackets to make your intent explicit.

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    How to use this tool

    1

    Enter a mathematical expression using the buttons or your keyboard.

    2

    Use scientific functions like sin, cos, log, sqrt, and constants like π and e.

    3

    Press = or Enter to calculate. Use Ans to chain results into new calculations.

    Common uses

    • Trigonometric calculations for maths and physics
    • Logarithmic and exponential computations
    • Quick percentage and factorial calculations
    • Engineering and scientific formula evaluation
    • Student homework and exam preparation
    • Converting between degrees and radians

    Share this tool

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What functions does this scientific calculator support?
    Trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan and their inverses), logarithms (log base 10 and natural log), square root, powers (xⁿ), factorial (!), percentage, absolute value, and constants π and e.
    How do I switch between degrees and radians?
    Click the DEG/RAD toggle button above the calculator. DEG mode converts angles to radians before applying trig functions. RAD mode uses radians directly.
    Can I use keyboard shortcuts?
    Yes. Use number keys, operators (+, -, *, /), parentheses, Enter to calculate, Backspace to delete, and Escape to clear. Press 's' for sin, 'c' for cos, 't' for tan, 'l' for log, and 'q' for sqrt.
    Does this calculator store my data?
    Expression history is stored only in your current browser session and is cleared when you close the tab. No data is ever sent to any server.
    What is the Ans button?
    Ans inserts the result of your last calculation into the current expression. This lets you chain calculations, for example, calculate something, then use Ans × 2 to double it.
    Why do I get NaN or Error?
    NaN (Not a Number) appears when a calculation is mathematically undefined: dividing by zero, taking the square root of a negative number, or using invalid function inputs like asin(2).
    What is the difference between log and ln?
    log is the base-10 logarithm (log₁₀). ln is the natural logarithm (logₑ, where e ≈ 2.718). log(100) = 2 because 10² = 100. ln(e) = 1. Use log for decibels and pH; ln for calculus and continuous growth.
    How do I calculate powers?
    Use the xⁿ button to enter the ^ operator, then type the exponent. For example, 2^10 gives 1024. For squaring, you can also use the x² shortcut which appends ^2 automatically.
    Can I use parentheses for order of operations?
    Yes. The calculator follows standard mathematical order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS). Use parentheses to group calculations: (2+3)×4 = 20, but 2+3×4 = 14.
    What is the factorial limit?
    The calculator handles factorials up to 170! (which equals approximately 7.26 × 10³⁰⁶). Beyond 170!, the result exceeds JavaScript's maximum number and returns Infinity.
    Is this calculator accurate enough for exams?
    Yes. It uses JavaScript's built-in Math library which provides double-precision floating-point arithmetic (about 15 significant digits). This is comparable to a Casio fx-991 or TI-84.
    How do I calculate inverse trig functions?
    Use the sin⁻¹, cos⁻¹, and tan⁻¹ buttons. These return the angle whose sine, cosine, or tangent equals the input. For example, sin⁻¹(0.5) = 30° in DEG mode or π/6 in RAD mode.

    Results are for general informational purposes only and should be checked before use. They are not professional advice. See our Disclaimer and Terms of Service.